Australian Traditional Medicine Society Practitioner
Nutrition
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Olwen Anderson's Blog


'Allergic Shiners' - a sign of leaky gut?

Saturday, September 17, 2011

The outside of your body can offer you valuable clues about what’s happening deep inside. You might have noticed occasional dark circles under your eyes after a night on the tiles, or when you aren’t getting enough sleep. But if you’re wearing dark circles frequently, it could be from something you ate, or a sign of ‘leaky gut’ from your digestion. Naturopaths sometimes call these dark circles ‘allergic shiners’ – here’s why

Stationed at several places along your intestines are ‘Peyers Patches’ – they’re actually the home of many types of immune cells, and they group together to work together and assess the safety of food particles passing by. I call them the patrol guys of your digestion. They ask for identification (all food molecules have a distinct shape). They alert the rest of your immune system if they don’t recognise the food, or worse, if they believe that this food is dangerous.

When your immune patrol encounters unfriendly molecules, it quickly alerts all other cells in the area to become vigilant. The sensitive cells lining your intestines are likely to react severely if there’s enough of this problem substance. They respond by becoming inflamed: Blood flow increases, cells swell, and the normally tight junctions between cells loosens a little, enabling the food and immune cell battle to move into your bloodstream. That’s where the term ‘leaky gut’ comes from.

The results can be a drop in your energy levels, or skin reactions, or dark circles under your eyes. Usually your bowels will be upset too.

Children seem to be particularly vulnerable to food reactions, perhaps because of their smaller body size and underdeveloped immune system.

Some common food intolerance reactions that can prompt the formation of dark circles under your eyes include reactions to gliadin, the gluten protein found in wheat, oats, barley and rye; and casein, the protein found in dairy like milk, yoghurt, cheese, and ice cream. But there are many other foods that can cause a problem.

The important thing to remember is that if you’re often seeing dark circles under your eyes, and feeling low in energy, you should check with your health practitioner that all is well with your immune system and your digestion.


Fibre: Its not just taking up space

Monday, August 23, 2010

You’ve probably heard many times how important a high fibre diet is for your health; how traditional cultures which eat a diet high in unrefined foods have lower incidence of bowel problems and bowel cancer. But do you know what that fibre is actually doing for you? Its not just taking up space; when you understand how its helping, you might start deliberately searching out new sources of fibre.


There are many different types of fibre, but two main classifications – soluble and insoluble. Both are useful, in different ways.


The soluble type, as its name implies, tends to soak up materials and carry them out of your body. Your liver, which has dissolved toxins in bile, relies on the soluble fibre to soak up the bile and carry it out of your body. Otherwise, the bile is re-absorbed and your liver has to process it again. Without enough soluble fibre in your diet a nasty pattern of toxin recycling can develop, leaving you feeling like you’re carrying around your own personal rubbish dump.


Fortunately, soluble fibre will also soak up excessive fat in your diet, and reduce its absorption. The right amount of soluble fibre in your diet will help prevent high blood fat and cholesterol levels. That’s why the Mediterranean diet, which is higher in good fats but also higher in fibre from vegetables and legumes, is regarded as one of the healthiest.


The insoluble type of fibre can’t be broken down by our bodies – we don’t possess the enzymes to do it. But we all have bacteria living in our intestines that will happily digest and ferment a great deal of the insoluble fibre.


Your resident colon-dwelling bacteria break down the fibre into short chain fatty acids, which actively feed the cells lining your bowel well. Keeping these cells well fed is very important, as they have the job of transporting nutrients into your bloodstream. The presence of the right amount of short chain fatty acids also alters your bowel pH. That has some important flow-on effects as well. The right pH makes it easier to for your body to absorb important minerals like iron, zinc, magnesium and calcium. The right pH also makes life difficult for pathogenic (disease producing) bacteria to thrive.

                                               

The best sources of fibre come from unrefined foods. Legumes like chick peas, black eyed beans, kidney beans contain a mix of soluble and insoluble fibre, and they’re naturally gluten-free. Oats and fruit are excellent sources of soluble fibre. Wheat or rice bran is a great source of insoluble fibre – but is best eaten as part of a food (like bread or breakfast cereal) as some people find its too ‘scratchy’ for their digestion on its own. Vegetables are a fabulous source of fibre, and most of us don’t eat anywhere near enough of them.


Check your diet today for fibre content: Did you eat some legumes? Five serves of vegetables and two serves of fruit? Its not just taking up space – its keeping you healthy.


Managing Diverticuli (and what are they anyway?)

Monday, September 28, 2009

"Diverticuli – what's that?" is a frequent question I'm asked by someone who has just undergone a colonoscopy and received the diagnosis of 'diverticular pockets' or 'diverticulitis'. Here's what its all about:

The walls of your intestine are layered with muscle and connective tissue, to enable the contents to be moved along the intestinal tube. Peristalsis in motion looks rather like a caterpillar when it moves. When all is going well the faeces that are being moved along are soft and bulky, easy for your bowel muscles to handle. But if those faeces become hard, or there's not enough bulk, the muscles have to strain, and the bowel wall 'blows out' in a small area to compensate.

There's a great picture here that explains it welhttp://colondoc.ca/diverticulitis.htm  Each diverticuli creates a small 'outpouching' that can sometimes have a small entry and a large balloon-like cavity. 

Problems can develop if food particles or faeces become trapped in the diverticuli. The pouch may become infected, bringing on diverticulitis. This is painful and can become a medical emergency if the infected pouch bursts into your abdominal cavity.

Many adults already have diverticuli, as most of us have experienced an episode of problematic bowels at least once in our lifetime. The important thing is to manage those diverticular pockets so they don't become infected.

The important steps to managing diverticular pockets are:
  1. Maintain a high fibre intake of at least 25g per day, particularly soluble fibre from oats, fruit and legumes, plus plenty of water. This keeps your faeces soft and bulky.
  2. Ensure you have a good bacterial balance in your bowels. A couple of dessertspoons of fresh plain yoghourt every day or so can help. (Extra flatulence and a sense of bloating is a sure sign of bowel bacteria out of balance).
  3. Keep an eye on your bowel health. If something appears to be amiss, it probably is.
If you suffer from recurring attacks of diverticulitis, you may need to do a complete bowel cleanse and re-feeding with good bacteria, plus develop a plan for maintaining better bowel health in the future. (If you feel that you would benefit from assistance in managing your bowel health better, I'd love to help you. Give me a call.)

Would you like me to write in more detail about diverticulitis and bowel health in general? Leave your comment below.

See animations of anatomy and body processes

Monday, September 21, 2009
I've been shown a great web site of animated medical information. They include anatomy (great for finding out what's going on inside that shoulder joint), as well as disease conditions and medical procedures.




How To Make Sure Your Child Has Healthy Bowels

Monday, January 19, 2009
Your child can easily be experiencing bowel problems without you noticing until the problem is well advanced. Here are some signs to look for and some possible solutions.

Everyone has a population of good bacteria in their gut that plays important roles in digestion and immunity. Young babies will receive their first dose of good bacteria during a vaginal birth, where they ingest good bacteria lining the birth canal. Babies who have been born by caesarean section require a probiotic supplement to ensure their bowels grow the right bacteria. Young babies require a baby-specific probiotic mix.

Once junior is toilet trained, it’s a good idea to continue monitoring their bowel movements from time to time. Constipation can easily occur, particularly in children who become very fussy with their foods and don't eat much fibre as a result. Some children complain that their 'tummy hurts', even though a check by the doctor has revealed nothing sinister is occurring. If your child complains that having a bowel movement 'hurts', if they are producing small pellety bowel motions rather than one long smooth sausage, or if they continually have to return to the toilet for a second bowel movement after the first, professional investigation is called for.

I've notice that some children hold tension in their abdominal area, particularly when they are challenged by events such as starting school, or disruption to the family routine.  Flower essences may help release the tension and return their bowel motions to normal.

After a dose of antibiotics, a course of probiotics is essential to restore normal bowel flora. Different age groups require different varieties of probiotics.

In all children, encouraging daily fresh fruit consumption is an ideal way to help promote good bowel health. Colourful fruit salad is ideal, as they can pick out individual pieces to enjoy. Yoghourt is good too, although they need only a couple of dessertspoonfuls, and preferably unsweetened. 

What is 'leaky gut' and how can I tell if I have it?

Monday, January 12, 2009

“Oh, you’ve got leaky gut” is a statement you’ve probably heard from others. But what is ‘leaky gut’ really? And how is it treated? If you suspect you’ve got ‘leaky gut’ read on for all the details:

The Raw Materials:

Your bowel is really just a long muscular tube, lined on the inside and criss-crossed with blood vessels and nerve endings. The bowel wall is both a barrier and a filter; a barrier to all the substances in your gut that you don’t want in your bloodstream; and a filter to let in valuable food and water molecules only.
The inside of your bowel looks rather like a shag-pile carpet covered with a thick layer of protective mucus. The technical name for the shag-pile carpet is ‘villi’. It greatly increases the amount of surface area available for absorption. The mucus is there to help the contents slide along, and also to protect the sensitive villi.

Although your stomach does the best it can to ensure that what enters your bowel is just food, sometimes nasties get through – like undigested protein molecules, bugs or parasites.

Under Stress?

When you are under stress, production of this protective layer of mucus slows or stops, leaving your villi bare and unprotected. The front-line cells are the epithelial cells that make up the outer layer of the villi. Although they are completely replaced every few days, they are sensitive. Cells making up the villi are normally held together by ‘junctions’. In your bowel these are ‘tight junctions’, reflecting the need to maintain an integral barrier. Selected food molecules are passed through the epithelial cells and everything else should remain within the bowel tube.

How Your Bowel Responds To Irritants

If something irritates or damages the epithelial cells, they become inflamed. Imagine for a moment when you last grazed your knee. The area became red and swollen almost immediately. This happened because blood vessels and other cells deliberately moved apart to allow healing materials from your bloodstream into the wound area. When the inflammation and debris was cleared, the cells moved back into place again and the blood vessels sealed up.

A similar thing happens when your bowel wall is inflamed. The cells swell and move apart. Alas, by doing this, they’re going to allow non-food particles into your bloodstream, and set up a new immune reaction in your bloodstream. This is why its called ‘leaky gut’.  

How Can I Tell If I've Got Leaky Gut?

Your body may show signs of this in its own individual fashion; for some people its skin rashes, for others mood swings, or just feeling blah.  Some people find their bowel motions are affected, some not.  
You can now test whether you have a leaky gut by asking your naturopath for an ‘intestinal permeability’ functional pathology test. This will tell you scientifically whether you really do have a leaky gut, and if so, how serious it is.

How Is Leaky Gut Treated?

To seal a leaky gut, you need to replenish that protective mucosal layer inside your bowel wall, and give the epithelial cells on the villi a chance to heal. The methods for achieving this depend on your symptoms, but treatment always includes stress management, and excludes any foods that you might be intolerant of. A treatment plan is always devised based on your individual symptoms.

(By the way, I run an 8-week gut rehabilitation program for my clinical clients, offering guaranteed results – drop me a line at office@olwenanderson.com.au or phone 02 6672 6255 if you would like details about the program)

Helping Your Bowels Survive All That Holiday Food!

Wednesday, December 10, 2008
If your bowel health is sensitive to the types of food you eat, then its possible you approach the overload of 'function food' that the holiday season offers with some degree of nervousness. For some of us, eating the 'wrong' food can result in several days of pain, bloating, flatulence and upset bowel motions.

I use the term 'function food' to describe the sort of food that's usually served up at parties and some large group dinners: Often prepared a day or so beforehand, high in fat and sugar, low in fibre, and often high in additives and presevatives. The opposite of what most of us eat to stay healthy.

If you fall into this category, I'd like to offer you some strategies to minimise your risk:

- At a 'finger food' party, ignore the trays of hot food. You'll be able to do this more easily if you've eaten a substantial snack at home before you left for the party. If the party is happening around your usual dinner time, be especially careful to eat beforehand. Otherwise, if you're ravenous, your stomach will ask you to tuck into all those rich pastries - and to hell with the consequences!

- At a function dinner, if you can, call the organisers or restaurant a few days beforehand and ask for a 'special meal'. Most caterers now are very familiar with gluten intolerance. If in doubt, ask for just steamed vegetables and meat, no sauce. Note: Its important to arrange this several days in advance, not when you sit down to your meal!

- At a private home, let your host know when you get the invitation that there are some foods that make you sick. Offer to bring a suitable dish that can be shared by all the guests. Of all the food situations you can face, this is the most tricky, and may need all your diplomatic skills!  Most people are familiar with the concept of food intolerance, but not all. I'll leave it up to you which strategy or excuse you want to use if your hosts are openly intolerant of your intolerance!!

Start taking your bowel health supplements again as if you were already treating a problem. This will strengthen your system, making it easier to cope with indiscretions. Give your health practitioner a call for their recommendations. 

Good luck!  If anyone has a particularly effective strategy they'd like to share, please tell us!

How to buy the right yoghourt - and get used to the taste!

Thursday, December 04, 2008
Yoghourt – The Probiotic In A Tub

Yoghourt has been used for centuries in many ancient cultures both as a food and as a medicine. Our ancestors realised that the good bacteria really boosted their health, as well as giving them a new way to enjoy dairy food. Here's how you can use yoghourt to benefit your health today:

That tub of sour-tasting milk is actually a fermented brew of healthy bacteria for your gut. We all have many varieties of bacteria in our bowels, both healthy and unhealthy varieties. They compete for passing nutrients, and some of the good ones help us absorb vitamins and prime our immune systems too.

By enjoying yoghourt, you are actively replenishing the good bacteria in your gut, and making life harder for the bad bacteria.

When you visit the supermarket to buy some health-giving yoghourt, follow these simple steps to get the result you want.

- Choose plain unsweetened yoghourt, and add fresh fruit at home to sweeten if you need to. The extra sugar in flavoured yoghourt can really expand your waistline!

- Avoid flavoured 'low fat' yoghourt for the same reason. Extra sugar has often been added to compensate for the reduced fat. Plain low fat yoghourt though is great. 

- Remember that the fresher the tub, the more friendly bacteria it contains: Check the use-by date.

- You don't need to eat much yoghourt to get a benefit. 100g, or four dessertspoons, will give you the right dose of friendly bacteria for the day.

- Choose a different brand of yoghourt every time you shop. Different brands contain different friendly bacteria varieties. Each of these varieties will have a different benefit for your gut.

Here's a tip to help you adjust your palate to the more 'sour' taste of real yoghourt: Mix some plain yoghourt with pineapple or orange juice. Use it as a 'dip' for pieces of fresh raw fruit. As you become accustomed to the taste, reduce the amount of fruit juice. The kids will really enjoy this as a treat if the fruit pieces are threaded onto skewers first.

Yoghourt can also make a great dip mixed with fresh raw minced garlic and finely diced cucumber. Use carrot sticks as dippers rather than crackers. Very refreshing on a hot day!

NOTE: If you have diarrhoea or have been taking antibiotics, you need probiotic capsules for a really big dose of good bacteria to reinoculate your gut.

How Can I Eat All That? Easy Ways To Get The Fibre You Need

Monday, November 17, 2008
Talk about ‘enough’ fibre in your diet, and many people imagine struggling through mounds of chaff-like grains, and unappetising quantities of beans and vegetables. In reality its easy to maintain a good intake of fibre, and enjoy the benefits. 

The presence of fibre in food enhances your well being in many ways. It helps form soft, bulky stools, which are easier for the intestines to move along and pass out of the body without strain. By slowing down bowel transit time, nutrients like vitamins and minerals have a better chance of being absorbed into the bloodstream. 

The bulkiness of foods that are naturally high in fibre makes them more satisfying, so you don’t have to eat so much to feel full. You’re less likely to snack on high fat, sugary foods if you’re feeling quite satisfied from your last meal.

There’s basically two different kinds of fibre in food; ‘insoluble’ and ‘soluble’. Insoluble fibre passes through the gut mostly unchanged, just absorbing water as it travels along. Humans don’t possess the digestive enzymes to be able to break these tough fibres down, so its main role is to create bulk.

Soluble fibre forms a soft gel-like substance during digestion. This variety of fibre has the ability to slow down the absorption of cholesterol and glucose, so is of particular interest to people interested in managing their cholesterol and blood sugar levels.

You need 25-35g of fibre in your diet every day. The best sources are whole grains such as oats, legumes and fruit.  To check, look at what you ate in the last 24 hours. Did you choose whole grains or white, processed grains? Did you eat at least two pieces of fresh fruit? Your bowels will show you too – a person with adequate fibre intake has large, bulky stools, and daily bowel motions.

It might seem easier to just reach for a fibre supplement, but there’s not much in them beyond fibre. By eating whole foods, you get the benefit of the vitamins and minerals in the food as well. 

Any one of these food choices will supply you with 20% of your minimum daily fibre intake: Four vita brits or weetbix; 50g popcorn; 100g canned baked beans; two large apples; 150g carrots; 50g almonds. 

For example, a diet with a high fibre cereal or baked beans for breakfast, some nuts, three pieces of fresh fruit every day, plus a salad will see you well on the way to an adequate fibre intake.

Remember that drinking water is essential – aim for two litres of pure water every day. 

If you want to improve the amount of fibre in your diet, start slowly and increase gradually over a week or so. A ‘bloated’ feeling or pain may indicate an underlying food intolerance. Increased levels of flatulence may indicate too much bad bacteria in your bowel. If increasing your fibre consumption causes discomfort or pain, you should consult with your health professional.

Taking Antibiotics? Remember The Probiotics

Wednesday, November 12, 2008
We are all carrying some extra passengers in our intestines: Friendly bacteria, over 400 species in fact. As we have evolved, these bacteria have evolved with us to result in a mutually beneficial relationship.

These friendly bugs help us absorb vital minerals and nutrients, and boost our gut immunity. They compete with pathogenic (bad) bacteria for space and resources, and actually produce substances which help keep the population of bad bacteria in check. If you're stressed or run down, your gut environment changes, making it easier for pathogenic bacteria to take over.

Antibiotic medication will kill the good bacteria in your gut as well as the pathogenic ones. You can often tell when the bad bacteria have taken over – they produce lots of toxic gases, bringing on abdominal bloating, discomfort and some very anti-social levels of flatulence. The toxins they produce can inflame your gut wall too, which makes it harder for you to absorb nutrients from your food. Sometimes they're active enough to bring on feelings of queasiness too, as your liver struggles to cope with the high level of toxic byproducts from their intestinal party antics.

 If you are taking antibiotics, here are some important steps you can take to re-populate your intestines with good bacteria and improve your well being at the same time. 

- Start taking a probiotic supplement, and continue for a few weeks after you have finished the course of antibiotics. Buy a small bottle, and choose a different brand every time as each brand will supply a different blend of friendly bacteria. You can buy probiotics at your local health food store.

- Take your probiotic supplement in the evening, with a fibre-based food like fruit or legumes, as more bacteria will survive the trip to your intestines when they can hitch a ride on fibre. Ever noticed that advertisements for probiotics boast of the high numbers of bacteria in each dose? That's because some of the bacteria won't make it past the very acidic environment in your stomach. 

- You should take your probiotic supplement in the evening, as your gut is more active overnight.

- If you are not dairy intolerant, 100g of plain yoghourt every day is a great probiotic supplement, and has been used in many cultures for centuries, along with other fermented foods, to promote bowel health. Make sure the yoghourt is young (fresh) and enjoy several different brands for the best effect.

The probiotic bacteria will start to elbow out the bad bacteria, and help calm any bowel inflammation they've caused. Now that you know how important those good bacteria are, remember to pick up a bottle of probiotics when you pick up your antibiotic prescription.


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